Lorentz Local Canonicalization: How to make any Network Lorentz-Equivariant

Jonas Spinner, Luigi Favaro, Peter Lippmann, Sebastian Pitz, Gerrit Gerhartz, Tilman Plehn, Fred A. Hamprecht

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 38 Main Conference (NeurIPS 2025) Main Conference Track

Lorentz-equivariant neural networks are becoming the leading architectures for high-energy physics. Current implementations rely on specialized layers, limiting architectural choices. We introduce Lorentz Local Canonicalization (LLoCa), a general framework that renders any backbone network exactly Lorentz-equivariant. Using equivariantly predicted local reference frames, we construct LLoCa-transformers and graph networks. We adapt a recent approach for geometric message passing to the non-compact Lorentz group, allowing propagation of space-time tensorial features. Data augmentation emerges from LLoCa as a special choice of reference frame. Our models achieve competitive and state-of-the-art accuracy on relevant particle physics tasks, while being $4\times$ faster and using $10\times$ fewer FLOPs.

10.52202/085713-0967