## Instruction
Create an middle school level math problem and solution based on the provided math content excerpt. 

## Math Content
<EXTRACT>

## Guidelines
[Problem]: Create a self-contained problem for middle school student that directly incorporates a concept from the provided math content. Target a difficulty level appropriate for grades 6-8 (ages 11-14), assuming knowledge of arithmetic, pre-algebra, basic probability/statistics, and geometry. Ensure the problem is fully text-based and solvable without images. Use concepts typically covered by the end of 8th grade.

[Solution]: Provide a detailed, step-by-step solution that demonstrates the mathematical reasoning from problem statement to conclusion, around 250-350 words long. Utilize LaTeX formatting for all mathematical expressions. Explain each step to reinforce the underlying math principles being applied.

## New Problem