%PDF-1.3 1 0 obj << /Kids [ 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R ] /Type /Pages /Count 11 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Subject (Neural Information Processing Systems http\072\057\057nips\056cc\057) /Publisher (Curran Associates\054 Inc\056) /Language (en\055US) /Created (2017) /EventType (Oral) /Description-Abstract (In imperfect\055information games\054 the optimal strategy in a subgame may depend on the strategy in other\054 unreached subgames\056 Thus a subgame cannot be solved in isolation and must instead consider the strategy for the entire game as a whole\054 unlike perfect\055information games\056 Nevertheless\054 it is possible to first approximate a solution for the whole game and then improve it in individual subgames\056 This is referred to as subgame solving\056 We introduce subgame\055solving techniques that outperform prior methods both in theory and practice\056 We also show how to adapt them\054 and past subgame\055solving techniques\054 to respond to opponent actions that are outside the original action abstraction\073 this significantly outperforms the prior state\055of\055the\055art approach\054 action translation\056 Finally\054 we show that subgame solving can be repeated as the game progresses down the game tree\054 leading to far lower exploitability\056 These techniques were a key component of Libratus\054 the first AI to defeat top humans in heads\055up no\055limit Texas hold\047em poker\056) /Producer (PyPDF2) /Title (Safe and Nested Subgame Solving for Imperfect\055Information Games) /Date (2017) /ModDate (D\07220180213015507\05508\04700\047) /Published (2017) /Type (Conference Proceedings) /firstpage (689) /Book (Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30) /Description (Paper accepted and presented at the Neural Information Processing Systems Conference \050http\072\057\057nips\056cc\057\051) /Editors (I\056 Guyon and U\056V\056 Luxburg and S\056 Bengio and H\056 Wallach and R\056 Fergus and S\056 Vishwanathan and R\056 Garnett) /Author (Noam Brown\054 Tuomas Sandholm) /lastpage (699) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Contents 15 0 R /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F30 16 0 R /F52 34 0 R /F54 39 0 R /F62 43 0 R /F7 47 0 R /F8 51 0 R >> >> /Rotate 360 /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 63 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Contents 64 0 R /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /Im1 65 0 R >> /Font << /F14 66 0 R /F11 70 0 R /F52 34 0 R /F54 39 0 R /F62 43 0 R /F7 47 0 R /F8 51 0 R /F84 74 0 R /F83 78 0 R >> >> /Rotate 360 /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 82 0 R 83 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Contents 84 0 R /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F14 66 0 R /F10 85 0 R /F11 70 0 R /F12 89 0 R /F13 93 0 R /F54 39 0 R /F52 34 0 R /F21 97 0 R /F23 101 0 R /F1 105 0 R /F7 47 0 R /F8 51 0 R /F9 109 0 R /F62 43 0 R >> >> /Rotate 360 /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 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